First things first:
𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐀𝐍𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐔𝐒𝐄 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐑𝐔𝐋𝐄 𝐍𝐎𝐓 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐎𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐋𝐄 𝐓𝐄𝐗𝐓
as a constructed mechanic it's one of the worst designs of all time, but in limited it's actually pretty sweet.

You have some tap out control potential in blue white but you're really looking for bant blink, can go straight U/W but there are a lot of good cards for the deck in green. There are 2 copies of ephemerate

Control. taking alot of removal and counters and then a win condition, win cons can be as simple as grave titan or be wheel combo with Sheoldred the apocalypse, orcish bowmasters, or teferi's tutelage with windfall or echo of aeons. often goes grixis

Aristocrats, there's a lot of blood artist effects and sac outlets in these 2 colors this deck can coincide with the goblins deck

Gruul monsters, this archetype has tons of ramp, with haymakers at the end like glorybringer, goldspan dragon, Avenger of Zendikar, with a land sub-theme with Wrenn and Tix, 2 of each fetch, and harrow. the drafter can pivot hard into straight lands with seismic assault and life from the loam or golos/ field of the dead. A black splash black for the lands synergies.

Tokens. you've got some incredible token generators in Esika's charriot, trostani discordant, battle screech, etc. with finishers like Garruk wildspeaker for the overrun or Gideon ally of zendikar antheming.
there is also some token support in naya

the enemy color pairs aren't as supported as the allies usually, if you're in enemy colors, its a 3 color deck so orzhov is usually abzan beats (the token deck with lingering souls and siege rhino,) or mardu aristocrats. although you can go straight Orzhov midrange, or Mono white with black disruption

Izzet Curt: for the longest time I maintained there wasn't an izzet deck in the cube, one of my drafters drafted it over and over again anyway with a pretty good winrate so what do I know. The basic gist of the deck is blue and red disruption + win condition Curts preferred win condition is young pyromancer but you can also just run inferno titan, the wheel package, whatever. win conditions are over rated. sometimes Grixis

There is a pretty strong lands theme. Usually has a third color whether that's blue for a more midrangey deck with uro, coiling oracle, or red to just play classic jund (I also believe the Ideal form of sac is jund), Abzan is the worst of these but an abzan beats deck is playable for sure, especially if you are uncontested.

There is a supported Mono red aggro deck and a supported mono white aggro deck, often you play the best of both worlds and go boros. Also naya tokens.

big on the lands with uro, and slogurk the overslime, also helps out gruul monsters with cards like hydroid krasis, coiling oracle, and blue top-end like frost titan. Bant blink is also a common deck

THERE ARE 2 COPIES OF NYKTHOS
Hard supported in Black and Blue but I have seen people succeed with Red, Green, and White versions as well.

drafters will find these ripe with powerful cards in either color. I do think the white version is a little better except for the top 10 percentile of the mono red decks where they have it all

Eldrazi
Not an archetype per se but there are a bunch of eldrazi and lands to cast them, it isnt an archetype as much as it is a package some decks run. Wastes are not provided, if you want to play them you have to draft the lands for it

theres more to be discovered, I believe in you :)

Lastly Combos, the classics like splinter twin, storm, and through the breach, are not present, 2 card combos create play patterns we would rather avoid and storm simply takes up to much room in the cube with useless cards. The combos that are present are 3 cards combos where the cards involved see play without the rest of the combo. the best one is Eternal witness + ephemerate + time warp (or capture of Jingzhao) Saffi + renegade rallier and any sac outlet. There is also Brood monitor plus eldrazi displacer which doesn't do anything without some third piece like a blood artist effect or Elesh norn, mother of machines. The wheels deck is also arguably a combo.