Woodfall Primus does not have a -1/-1 counter on it.
A player controls an indestructible noncreature permanent.

Activate Ashnod's Altar by sacrificing Woodfall Primus, adding .
Woodfall Primus dies, triggering its persist ability, returning it from your graveyard to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter on it.
Woodfall Primus enters the battlefield, triggering itself and Remnant of the Rising Star.
Resolve the Woodfall Primus trigger, failing to destroy an indestructible noncreature permanent.
Resolve the Remnant of the Rising Star trigger, causing you to pay to put a +1/+1 counter on Woodfall Primus.
Repeat.

Activate Emiel by paying , blinking Ramos.
Ramos entering the battlefield triggers Remnant of the Rising Star, causing you to pay to put five +1/+1 counters on Ramos.
Activate Ramos by removing five +1/+1 counters from it, causing you to add .
Repeat.

Deadeye Navigator is paired with Ramos.

Activate Ramos by paying , blinking itself.
Ramos enters the battlefield, triggering Deadeye Navigator and Remnant of the Rising Star.
Resolve the Deadeye Navigator trigger, repairing it and Ramos.
Resolve the Remnant of the Rising Star trigger, causing you to pay to put five +1/+1 counters on Ramos.
Activate Ramos by removing five +1/+1 counters from it, causing you to add .
Repeat.

Woodfall Primus does not have a -1/-1 counter on it.
A player controls an indestructible noncreature permanent.

Activate Phyrexian Altar by sacrificing Woodfall Primus, adding .
Woodfall Primus dies, triggering its persist ability, returning it from your graveyard to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter on it.
Woodfall Primus enters the battlefield, triggering itself and Remnant of the Rising Star.
Resolve the Woodfall Primus trigger, failing to destroy an indestructible noncreature permanent.
Resolve the Remnant of the Rising Star trigger, causing you to pay to put a +1/+1 counter on Woodfall Primus.
Repeat.

Lesser Masticore does not have a -1/-1 counter on it.

Activate Ashnod's Altar by sacrificing Lesser Masticore, adding .
Lesser Masticore dies, triggering its persist ability, returning it from your graveyard to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter on it.
Lesser Masticore enters the battlefield, triggering Remnant of the Rising Star, causing you to pay to put a +1/+1 counter on Lesser Masticore.
Repeat.

Murderous Redcap does not have a -1/-1 counter on it.

Activate Ashnod's Altar by sacrificing Murderous Redcap, adding .
Murderous Redcap dies, triggering its persist ability, returning it from your graveyard to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter on it.
Murderous Redcap enters the battlefield, triggering itself and Remnant of the Rising Star.
Resolve the Murderous Redcap trigger, dealing damage equal to its power to any target.
Resolve the Remnant of the Rising Star trigger, causing you to pay to put a +1/+1 counter on Murderous Redcap.
Repeat.

Lesser Masticore does not have a -1/-1 counter on it.

Activate Phyrexian Altar by sacrificing Lesser Masticore, adding .
Lesser Masticore dies, triggering its persist ability, returning it from your graveyard to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter on it.
Lesser Masticore enters the battlefield, triggering Remnant of the Rising Star, causing you to pay to put a +1/+1 counter on Lesser Masticore.
Repeat.

Cast Sage of Hours by paying .
Sage of Hours entering the battlefield triggers Remnant of the Rising Star, causing you to pay to put five +1/+1 counters on Sage of Hours.
Activate Sage of Hours by removing all +1/+1 counters from it, taking at least one extra turn after this one.
Activate Temur Sabertooth by paying , returning Sage of Hours from the battlefield to your hand and giving Temur Sabertooth indestructible until end of turn.
Repeat each turn.

At the beginning of your end step, Conjurer's Closet triggers, blinking Sage of Hours.
Sage of Hours entering the battlefield triggers Remnant of the Rising Star, causing you to pay to put five +1/+1 counters on Sage of Hours.
Activate Sage of Hours by removing all +1/+1 counters from it, taking at least one extra turn after this one.
Repeat each turn.

At the beginning of your end step, Soulherder triggers, blinking Sage of Hours.
Soulherder and Remnant of the Rising Star trigger.
Resolve the Soulherder trigger, putting a +1/+1 counter on Soulherder.
Resolve the Remnant of the Rising Star trigger, causing you to pay to put five +1/+1 counters on Sage of Hours.
Activate Sage of Hours by removing all +1/+1 counters from it, taking at least one extra turn after this one.
Move to your next turn.
Repeat.

At the beginning of your end step, Thassa triggers, blinking Sage of Hours.
Sage of Hours entering the battlefield triggers Remnant of the Rising Star, causing you to pay to put five +1/+1 counters on Sage of Hours.
Activate Sage of Hours by removing all +1/+1 counters from it, taking at least one extra turn after this one.
Repeat each turn.

Murderous Redcap does not have a -1/-1 counter on it.

Activate Phyrexian Altar by sacrificing Murderous Redcap, adding .
Murderous Redcap dies, triggering its persist ability, returning it from your graveyard to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter on it.
Murderous Redcap enters the battlefield, triggering itself and Remnant of the Rising Star.
Resolve the Murderous Redcap trigger, dealing damage equal to its power to any target.
Resolve the Remnant of the Rising Star trigger, causing you to pay to put a +1/+1 counter on Murderous Redcap.
Repeat.

Yenna does not have summoning sickness.
You have a transforming double faced creature or enchantment card in hand.

Activate Yenna by paying and tapping it, creating two token copies of Doubling Season.
Cast Infinite Reflection by paying , attaching it to Jugan Defends the Temple.
When Infinite Reflection enters the battlefield, it triggers, causing each nontoken creature you control to become a copy of Jugan Defends the Temple.
Cast any transforming double-faced creature or enchantment card by paying its mana cost, causing it to enter the battlefield as a copy of Jugan Defends the Temple with four chapter counters due to Infinite Reflection and the Doubling Season tokens.
The creature or enchantment's first, second and third chapter abilities trigger.
Resolve the first and second triggers, creating four 1/1 Monk creature tokens and putting four +1/+1 counters on up to two creatures.
Resolve the third trigger, exiling the creature or enchantment, and returning it to the battlefield transformed as a copy of Jugan Defends the Temple with four chapter counters due to Infinite Reflection and the Doubling Season tokens.
Repeat from step 5.
NOTE: This combo creates a mandatory infinite loop that must be interrupted, or the game will end in a draw.